In case of violation of venous blood, the pressure inside the veins increases, they begin to expand and become visible under the skin.Varicosa disease affects the veins of the lower limbs more often, but can occur in any organ of the human body.
General feature
Varicosis on the legs can affect men and women of any age, but more often they are found in middle -aged and elderly patients.Varicose veins are a very common disease.Up to 15% of elderly men and almost all old women suffer from this disease.
Risk factors for the development of pathology:
- the presence of a disease in close relatives;
- sedentary lifestyle;
- overweight;
- for a long time staying in an upright position;
- pregnancy.
The causes of varicose veins
The causes of varicose veins are not completely studied.In some cases, the outflow of poor blood through the veins is caused by the absence or weakness of the system of the blood vessel valve located in the depths of the tissues.In addition, the varicose veins of the lower ends and other organs can be caused by the weakness of the vascular wall itself.
The less common varicose veins on the legs are associated with the following conditions:
- transferred inflammation of veins (phlebitis);
- the formation of blood clots in the venous line;
- Congenital anomalies in the development of blood vessels.
The disease is characterized by a progressive course and cannot be completely treated.However, there is a fairly effective prevention of varicose veins: the use of compression stockings, maintaining normal weight and regular physical activity, mainly walking or swimming.The dynamic load on the legs helps the muscles to push the blood into the veins and not to give it a loss in the opposite direction.
Classification of varicose veins
Depending on the position of the pathologically altered vases, these forms of varicose veins are distinguished:
- Varicose veins of the small pelvis in women;
- injury of the veins of the lower ends;
- The expansion of the esophagus veins during the liver pathology;
- Post -ombophlebitic options in different organs.
There are these phases of the varicose veins:
- Pysensate: there are no complaints, there are visible veins expanded on the legs;
- Succompensato: patients complain of swelling, outbreak, gravity in the legs, convulsions at night;
- Decomodes: the changes of the skin develop: hyperpigmentation, signs of chronic inflammation, trophic ulcers.
The clinic often uses the CEP classification, completely describing clinical signs, causes, location of the lesion and the type of blood flow disorders.
Symptoms of varicose veins
In the initial phase of patients, only the concerns of aesthetic discomfort.In the future they join:
- painful pain, convulsions, itching of the skin;
- swelling, especially in the evening, gravity and fatigue in the legs;
- A sense of burst.
The less frequent symptoms, but more serious include:
- subcutaneous hemorrhages from a broken vein;
- thromboflebitis;
- trophic ulcers;
- "Wet" dermatitis;
- Approximate cicatricial changes in the skin.
These complications are much worse for treatment compared to pathology in an initial phase.
To explore the veins on the legs and obtain the treatment of varicose veins, it is necessary to contact a vascular surgeon or a phlebologist.The diagnosis necessarily includes the ultrasound dopplerography of the veins to evaluate the blood flow, the wall of the pot, the valve system.
Treatment of varicose veins
The methods of how to treat varicose veins depend on the size and position of the altered veins, on the presence of symptoms and changes in the skin.The treatment of varicose veins is carried out using various methods:
- the raised position of the legs in the position of lying or sitting;
- the use of specially selected compression knitwear;
- sclerotherapy (the introduction of a special drug in the lumen with the formation of a blood clot and the subsequent destruction of the vein);
- ablation of pathologically altered veins using laser, radio frequencies and other techniques;
- Surgical treatment of varicose veins on the legs - Flebectomy.
In the early stages of the disease, the doctor will prescribe a medicine for varicose veins for oral or external use:
- tablets of varicose veins;
- Varicose veins with anti -inflammatory, Venetonic, anticoagulant and other useful effects.
In addition, many patients use the treatment of varicose veins on the legs with popular remedies:
- alcohol dyes of chestnut or kalanchoe leaves for rubbing and compresses;
- compresses from tomatoes, cabbage, kalanchoe;
- Herb infusions - Nettles, Yarrow, Chamomile and St. John's Wort, Sheet of Raspberries and Alteen Root.
Disease prevention
To prevent or slow down the development of varicose veins, doctors propose to adhere to these prevention rules:
- Periodicals lifting the legs on the pillow;
- refusal of the prolonged position;
- the use of preventive compression knitwear, which can be selected in a pharmacy or medical shop;
- Regular physical activity (walking);
- weight control;
- If necessary, standing for a long time, performing simple exercises (rolling from tip to the heel, climbing socks, standing rotation).
These measures will contribute to the mechanical reduction of the load on the venous channel, to the improvement of the vein valve system and the conservation of the vascular wall.